El S?vitri mantra, conocido poluparmente por G?yatr? mantra, es uno de los mantras más venerados, más reverenciados y poderosos de la sabiduría védica. Se trata de una oración que aparece por primera vez en los Rig Vedas, hace más de 3.000 años, reaparece en los otros 3 vedas (Sam Veda, Atharva Veda y Yajur Veda) y es compartido por Krishna en la Bhagavad Gita 200 a.c.
¿Qué significa Gayatri?
Gayatri es el nombre de un tipo de métrica poética que consta de 24 sílabas, estas sílabas están divididas en 3 estrofas de 8 sílabas. Cualquier canto con 24 sílabas es considerado un gayatri. De todas formas, debido a su gran popularidad y devoción, nos referimos al S?vitri mantra cuando de forma general hablamos del Gayatri mantra.
? Curiosidad
Si os ponéis a contar las sílabas os daréis cuenta de que hay más de 24 sílabas. Esto es porque en los Vedas el corazón del mantra es:
Tatsaviturvare?ya? bhargo devasya dh?mahi dhiyo yo na? prachoday?
Om bh?r bhuva? suva? Se añade a la práctica de japa (repetición de un mantra). Se trata de una invocación a la fuente o Dios.
La diosa Gayatri es también conocida como Veda-Mata o la madre de los Vedas, es conocida por iluminar nuestra conciencia y eliminar la oscuridad.
El mantra Gayatri es una expresión de gratitud y alabanza a los poderes de transformación, crecimiento interior y autorrealización proporcionados por la luz radiante de lo divino. Meditar en esta luz espiritual purifica el chakra del corazón y lo abre para recibir vibraciones más altas de amor, sabiduría y dicha. (Kathleen Bryant, 2022)
Historia del Gayatri mantra
Cómo se llegó a cantar el Gayatri mantra en la tierra es una rica historia de ira, envidia, lujuria y perdón. Comienza en la antigüedad, cuando el rey Vishwamitra y su ejército visitaron al sabio Vashista, quien pudo alimentar a sus soldados gracias a una vaca que cumplía los deseos. Vishwamitra quería llevarse la vaca con él, y la negativa de Vashista enfureció tanto al rey que juró emprender austeridades y meditar hasta que sus poderes espirituales superaran los del sabio. Sin embargo, cada vez que Vishwamitra creía que se acercaba al éxito, fallaba en otra prueba del ego.
Cuando Vishwatmitra finalmente reconoció sus defectos y suplicó el perdón de Vashista, experimentó el Samadhi espontáneo y los dioses le otorgaron las palabras del Gayatri. Vishwamitra se encuentra entre los autores del Rig Veda, la fuente más antigua conocida del Gayatri. Su historia enseña que la iluminación es posible para cualquiera que practique con dedicación.
Letra del Gayatri mantra
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Om bh?r bhuva? suva?
Tat Savitur vare?ya?
Bhargo devasya dh?mahi
Dhiyo yo na? prachoday?
En español se puede leer de la forma siguiente:
Om
Bhur Bhuva Svaha
Tat Savitur Varenyam
Bhargo Devasya Dheemahi
Dhiyo yonah Prachodayat
Significado del Gayatri mantra
Oh, fuente creadora del universo. Meditamos en tu supremo esplendor. Que tu poder luminoso destruya nuestra ignorancia y nos guía en la dirección de la iluminación purificando el interior de nuestros corazones e ilumine alumbre intelectos.
- OM es el sonido universal, es brahman, la verdad del universo, y atman, nuestra propia verdad interior. Om es el todo, es la verdad del universo entero.
- Bhur es la tierra. Esta palabra también implica la existencia continua y permanente, el cuerpo, la materia .
- Bhuvas es el aire. También significa la absoluta conciencia de Dios. Dios es ilimitado, sin forma ni límites. Dios nos libera de todo sufrimiento. Como dice la tradición Malawi, Dios es como el viento que todo lo toca.
- Swaha es el cielo, el plano mental.
- Tat: que
- Savitur hace referencia a deidad védica que alude al sol, y a sus poderes solares ?
- Varenyam: escogido para ser adorado.
- Bhargo: luz divina.
- Devasya: divino, radiante ? Deva, también es la raíz de las palabras «Devata» y «Devi» que significan cualidad o atributo, por lo que también se podría traducir por Gunas. Los Gunas, son las cualidades de la naturaleza, las tres energías necesarias para cualquier creación. Estas pueden ser Sattva (equilibrio y pureza), Rajas (movimiento, acción) y Tamas (ignorancia, inercia, estática).
- Dhimahi: meditamos sobre.
- Dhiyo: es el intelecto.
- Yo: que, el cual.
- Nah: nuestro.
- Prachodayat: iluminar, inspirar ?
Joan Mascaró traduce Tat Savitur vare?ya? Bhargo devasya dh?mahi Dhiyo yo na? prachoday? como:
“Que nuestra meditación se acerque a la gloriosa luz de Savitri”
Bhagavad Gita 2013. Ed. DEBOLSILLO Primera edición 1962.
Otra interpretación del mantra Gayatri muy inspiradora es la de Jean Le Mée:
"Que nuestra mente descanse en la gloria de la verdad divina. Que la verdad inspire nuestros pensamientos y nuestras reflexiones"
Pronunciación del Gayatri Mantra
Según la tradición védica, no se cambia la pronunciación en la forma de recitar un mantra. Según esta escuela, los mantras, para que tengan efecto, deben pronunciarse y recitarse tal cual fueron escritos. Por ello, en su escritura, se usan anotaciones de pronunciación. A continuación podéis escuchar la forma correcta de pronunciación del Savitri mantra (Vedic Studies)
Beneficios del Gayatri Mantra
Cantar el mantra de forma consciente, habitando los sonidos de sus letras y su significado, ya sea verbalmente o mentalmente, nos ayuda a conectar con nuestro ser superior. Nos ayuda a mantener la mente concentrada y atenta en el presente, aportando los beneficios de toda meditación: calma la mente, nos ayuda a conectar con nuestro ser, nos aporta serenidad, nos ayuda a conectar con el amor universal, nos ofrece perspectiva de las circunstancias que vivimos, nos ayuda a comprender mejor el mundo, nos enseña a amarnos incondicionalmente. Además,
Mejora la respiración: Las respiraciones profundas y controladas durante el canto del mantra mejoran el funcionamiento del sistema respiratorio.
Mantiene el corazón sano: Al realizar respiraciones largas y profundas ayuda a ralentizar la frecuencia respiratoria de la persona.
De forma específica, el mantra Gayatri nos aporta los siguientes beneficios:
Conduce a la prosperidad: El sonido del mantra Gayatri nos devuelve a nuestra verdadera naturaleza, que es la conciencia pura en sí misma. Nos recuerda que ya somos seres perfectos y que se nos ha dado todo lo que necesitamos para manifestar nuestro mayor potencial. Cuando practicamos el Gayatri, recordamos que estamos divinamente conectados con el universo y que somos bendecidos por su abundancia.
Conduce a la sabiduría: Nos aporta claridad, nos conecta con la fuente para poder vislumbrar la verdad y así poder vivir sabiamente, llevando a cabo las mejores acciones para nosotros y los demás.
Nos hace ser más positivos: El significado del mantra nos conecta con la sabiduría universal. Nos conduce a mirar el presente y el futuro positivamente, esto nos llena de esperanza e ilusión. No hay que ser nada más que nosotros mismos, somos merecedores por el simple hecho de existir.
Mejora el sistema hormonal: Durante el canto generamos vibraciones que estimulan el hipotálamo; el hipotálamo es una zona del cerebro que produce hormonas que controlan la teperatura corporal, la frecuencia cardíaca, el hambre, la sed, los estados de ánimo, la liberación de hormonas de muchas glándulas, en especial la hipófisis, la líbido y el sueño.
Mejora el sistema inmunitario: Los efectos calmantes y optimistas del canto tienen un impacto positivo sobre la reducción del estrés y de la ansiedad y consecuentemente mejoran el sistema inmunitario.
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